Amazon Web Services has developed and deployed a custom in-house closed-loop liquid cooling platform — the IRHX system — specifically engineered to prevent increases in data center water consumption as AI workloads scale. The closed-loop design recirculates engineered cooling fluid continuously without evaporative loss, meaning new liquid cooling capacity adds zero incremental water draw. In parallel, AWS is executing a recycled water program targeting 120+ U.S. facilities by 2030, projected to save more than 530 million gallons of freshwater annually. By year-end 2024, AWS was 53% of the way toward its water positive commitment — returning more water to communities than it uses. These are the most precisely documented water engineering commitments of any hyperscale operator globally.
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Fairfax County, Virginia: The Compliance Framework
Fairfax County, Virginia, adopted on September 10, 2024 what is widely regarded as the most comprehensive data center noise and siting ordinance in the United States. It was developed after months of contentious public hearings, [...]
Immersion & Liquid Cooling: The Near-Silent Data Center
The fundamental source of data center community noise complaints is air movement: the high-speed fans required to push large volumes of air through server racks and exhaust heat to the exterior. These fans are noisy [...]
Amazon Web Services Great Oak Retrofit
The Amazon Great Oak data center complex in Prince William County, Virginia, represents the most thoroughly documented noise response case in U.S. data center history. It is not a success story without complications — and [...]